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81.
声在多原子分子气体中传播所引起的弛豫过程是探索气体特性的重要方面. 本文通过研究气体声弛豫过程中振动自由度与平动自由度(V-T)以及振动自由度之间(V-V)的分子能量转移模型, 给出了有效比热容与弛豫时间的分解对应关系及其通用获得方法. 该分解模型与现有的声弛豫模型相比, 反映了分解后的V-T 和V-V弛豫过程中振动比热容与弛豫时间的对应关系, 并发现了较高能级是引起对应声弛豫过程的决定因素. 将基于该分解模型获得的气体声弛豫衰减谱经碰撞直径微调改进后, 比现有理论更接近实验数据, 其结果证明了该分解对应关系的正确性和合理性. 相似文献
82.
首先利用高速摄影和压力传感器测量的方法, 对曲面反射式水下强声波脉冲的传播和聚焦过程进行了实验研究.实验研究发现, 椭球面反射罩在起到汇聚声能的作用的同时也将使得强声波脉冲在传播过程中形成负压区, 并由此而引发近场声传播通道上空化气泡群的产生. 在实验结果的基础上, 进一步利用基于Kirchhoff衍射定理的声传播模型和大振幅条件下的QX气泡运动方程, 对强声波脉冲负压区的形成原因及空化气泡的运动过程进行了数值计算和分析. 研究结果表明, 在焦前区, 源于反射罩内表面的"尾波"和出口处的"边缘波"在传播过程中将形成反射波中的负压区; 在焦后区, 源于反射罩顶点的"中心波"在传播过程中将形成反射波中的负压区. 在反射波作用下, 空化气泡体现出了"正压区受压缩并振荡, 负压区膨胀"的运动特点. 在反射波之后, 空化气泡将出现成长、坍缩和回弹等典型的物理过程. 研究结果对曲面反射式水下强声波传播物理规律的认识具有实际意义. 相似文献
83.
本文利用集中质量法对弹性纵波在一维指数形截面有限周期声子晶体中的传播进行了研究, 得到了频率响应函数的表达式. 与一维等截面的声子晶体相比, 指数形变截面声子晶体带隙内的衰减值随着输出端截面积的增大而减小, 同时带隙的起始频率降低而截止频率升高, 也即带隙的宽度会得到拓展. 晶格常数和材料组份比变化时, 变截面声子晶体带隙的起始频率和截止频率的变化趋势与等截面时的声子晶体相同. 希望本文的研究能够推动声子晶体在减振降噪等领域中的应用. 相似文献
84.
Within a unified theoretical framework, we extract the omnidirectional effective acoustic parameters for the metafluid consisting of isotropic fluid cylinders embedded in an isotropic fluid background. Besides the analytical formulas for the effective parameters reported previously, i.e., the bulk modulus and the mass density perpendicular to the cylinders, we also derive a simple expression for the effective mass density parallel to the cylinders. As expected, these two effective mass densities are not identical and constitute an anisotropic density tensor. Such intrinsic anisotropy can be engineered much stronger than the pure in-plane anisotropy induced by either anisotropic lattices or anisotropic scatterers. 相似文献
85.
Tunable and switchable Ba 0.5 Sr 0.5 TiO 3 film bulk acoustic resonators(FBARs) based on SiO 2 /Mo Bragg reflectors are explored,which can withstand high temperature for the deposition of Ba x Sr 1 x TiO 3(BST) films at 800 C.The dc bias-dependent resonance may be attributed to the piezoelectricity of the BST film induced by an electrostrictive effect.The series resonant frequency is strongly dc bias-dependent and shifts downwards with dc bias increasing,while the parallel resonant frequency is only weakly dc bias-dependent and slightly shifts upwards at low dc bias( 45 V) while downwards at higher dc bias.The calculated relative tunability of shifts at series resonance frequency is around 2.3% and the electromechanical coupling coefficient is up to approximately 8.09% at 60-V dc bias,which can be comparable to AlN FBARs.This suggests that a high-quality tunable BST FBAR device can be achieved through the use of molybdenum(Mo) as the high acoustic impedance layer in a Bragg reflector,which not only provides excellent acoustic isolation from the substrate,but also improves the crystallinity of BST films withstanding higher deposition temperature. 相似文献
86.
Andreas Zerr Nikolay Chigarev Ovidiu Brinza Sergey M. Nikitin Alexey M. Lomonosov Vitalyi Gusev 《固体物理学:研究快报》2012,6(12):484-486
The elastic moduli of the dense polycrystalline oxygen‐bearing η‐Ta2N3, a novel hard and tough high‐pressure (HP) material, were measured using the laser ultrasonic technique. The bulk modulus was determined to be B0 = 281(15) GPa which is only ~11% below that from HP compression measurements. Our value of the shear modulus G0 = 123(2) GPa is below those ones predicted theoretically for model structures. The discrepancies in G0 could be due to a substitution of an‐ ions and the formation of cation vacancies in η‐Ta2N3. Self‐healing behaviour of η‐Ta2N3 by mechanical polishing was observed and confirmed by two independent experimental methods. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) 相似文献
87.
88.
Microfluidic systems promise solutions for high throughput and highly specific analysis for biology, medicine and chemistry while consuming only tiny amounts of reactants and space. On these lab‐on‐a‐chip platforms often multiple physical effects such as electrokinetic, acoustic or capillary phenomena from various disciplines are exploited to gain the optimal functionality. The fluidics on these small length scales differ significantly from our experience of the macroscopic world. In this Review we survey some of the approaches and techniques to handle minute amounts of fluid volumes in microfluidic systems with special focus on surface acoustic wave driven fluidics, a technique developed in our laboratory. Here, we outline the basics of this technique and demonstrate, for example, how acoustic mixing and fluid actuation is realized. Furthermore we discuss the interplay of different physical effects in microfluidic systems and illustrate their usefulness for several applications. 相似文献
89.
Hybrid device for acoustic noise reduction and energy harvesting based on a silicon micro-perforated panel structure 下载免费PDF全文
A kind of hybrid device for acoustic noise reduction and vibration energy harvesting based on the silicon micro- perforated panel (MPP) resonant structure is investigated in the article. The critical parts of the device include MPP and energy harvesting membranes. They are all fabricated by means of silicon micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) tech- nology. The silicon MPP has dense and accurate micro-holes. This noise reduction structure has the advantages of wide band and higher absorption coefficients. The vibration energy harvesting part is formed by square piezoelectric membranes arranged in rows. ZnO material is used as it has a good compatibility with the fabrication process. The MPP, piezo- electric membranes, and metal bracket are assembled into a hybrid device with multifunctions. The device exhibits good performances of acoustic noise absorption and acoustic-electric conversion. Its maximum open circuit voltage achieves 69.41 mV. 相似文献
90.
C,igahertz longitudinal acoustic phonons originating from ultrafast ligand field transitions in hematite thin films 下载免费PDF全文
The creation and propagation of longitudinal acoustic phonons (LAPs) in high quality hematite thin films (α-Fe203) epitaxially grown on different substrates (BaTiO3, SrTiO3, and LaAlO3) are investigated using the femtosecond pump- probe technique. Transient reflection measurements (AR/R) indicate the photo-excited electron dynamics, and the initial decay less than 1 ps and the slow decay of -500 ps are attributed to the electron-LO phonon coupling and electron-hole nonradiative recombination, respectively. LAPs in α-Fe2O3 film can be created by ultrafast excitation of the ligand field state, such as the ligand field transitions under 800-nm excitation as well as the ligand to metal charge-transfer with 400- nm excitation. The strain modulations of the sound velocity and the out-of-plane elastic properties are demonstrated in α-Fe2O3 film on different substrates. 相似文献